Electrical engineering is a branch of engineering, and dates back to the late 19 th century. Since its early beginnings, the field of electrical engineering has significantly changed the human life by creating many new technologies ranging from developing electricity generation and transmission, new communication technologies such as internet and cellular communications to developing new devices such as computers, smart phones, smart appliances or new medical technologies from huge magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) devices to small health monitoring sensors. Electrical engineering covers a broad range of areas such as electronic design, communications, control and robotics, remote sensing, signal processing, digital circuits, instrumentation, audio, video, optoelectronics, power electronics, motors, batteries, renewable energy, and power systems. Electrical engineers work on a wide range of components, devices and systems, from tiny microchips to huge power plants. Some of the pioneers in electrical engineering are Thomas Edison (electric light bulb), Nikola Tesla (induction motor), Guglielmo Marconi (radio), Jack Kilby (integrated circuit), Philo T. Farnsworth (television), Martin Cooper (inventor of cell phone), and Claude Shannon (father of Information theory).