Mathematics is the science of quantity and space. As such, mathematics is absolutely essential for engineers, physicists, and other scientists. It is the language by which they express their laws, it suggests relationships, and it helps in testing conjectures. In recent years, mathematics has been used more and more in biology, economics, psychology, sociology, political science, data science, and cybersecurity. In addition, most mathematical research aims at a deeper understanding of problems that lead inevitably to abstraction, generalization, and theorem proving. Many mathematicians find this aesthetic activity of drawing necessary conclusions the most attractive feature of their subject.
As an academic discipline, mathematics consists of the science of quantity (e.g., algebra, statistics, and combinatorics), space (e.g., geometry and topology), and other subjects that are concerned with both quantity and space (e.g., analysis).